The Federated States of Micronesia is not recognized as a notable wine-producing region. Instead, let's explore the impact of climate on various wine-growing regions worldwide, focusing on cool and warm climate differences, and the use of fungus-resistant grape varieties.
Cool climate wines typically showcase delicate, tart characteristics with lighter bodies, crispness, and higher acidity. Examples include Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Noir, and Zweigelt. Common grapes found in warm climates are Zinfandel, Grenache, and Shiraz.
As climate change continues, there is increasing interest in utilizing fungus-resistant grape varieties that offer sustainability and adaptability. PIWI International supports the development of several resistant grape varieties, such as Nermantis, Termantis, Valnosia, Charvir, Solaris, Souvignier gris, and Pinot Regina. These varieties provide resistance to diseases like oidium and downy mildew, ensuring healthier grapevines and potentially reducing chemical treatments. Experimental vineyards in Champagne observe these varieties over a six-year period, followed by additional monitoring and testing before potential inclusion in regional catalogs.
Climate change has led to the exploration of new grape varieties and viticulture techniques to adapt to changing conditions. In Austria, around 1.5% of vineyard area is planted with fungus-resistant grape varieties, with Muscaris, souvignier gris, and flower muscatel being the most common. France's INRA-ResDur program aims to breed multi-resistant varieties for local cultivation with strong local characters by 2030, focusing on 4 fungus-resistant varieties: Artaban, Vidoc, Floreal, and Voltis.
The International Wineries for Climate Action (IWCA) is a collaborative group of wineries taking collective action against climate change, aiming to decarbonize the global wine industry. Members include Champagne Lanson and St. Supéry Estate Vineyards & Winery, which have achieved IWCA Silver Membership. IWCA's mission is to take collective action to tackle the climate crisis and safeguard the future of the wine industry for the next generation. Adapting to changing conditions through the use of fungus-resistant grape varieties and collaborative climate action initiatives can help ensure the sustainability and future of the global wine industry.